Which factor is NOT one of the five components of metabolic syndrome?

Metabolic syndrome is defined by a cluster of conditions that increase the risk of heart disease, stroke, and diabetes. The five key components of metabolic syndrome typically include hypertension (high blood pressure), low levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, high fasting blood sugar, increased waist circumference (indicating abdominal obesity), and increased triglyceride levels.

In this context, an increase in muscle mass does not fit into any of these metabolic syndrome components. Increased muscle mass is generally associated with positive health outcomes, including improved metabolic function and a lower risk of metabolic syndromes. Unlike hypertension, low HDL, or high fasting blood sugar, which indicate harmful physiological states, increased muscle mass reflects physical fitness and might contribute to better metabolic health.

Thus, while the other factors directly contribute to health risks associated with metabolic syndrome, increased muscle mass stands apart as a beneficial attribute that would not qualify as a component of metabolic syndrome.