Which option describes a major outcome of vicarious experiences?

Vicarious experiences, which involve observing others successfully perform a task, play a significant role in influencing an individual's beliefs about their own capabilities. When a person witnesses someone else overcoming challenges or achieving success, it can lead to an increase in their own self-efficacy, which is the belief in one’s ability to succeed in specific situations or accomplish a task. Observing the successes of peers can foster a sense of possibility and motivation, encouraging individuals to aspire toward similar achievements.

In contrast, the other outcomes mentioned do not align with the effects typically associated with vicarious experiences. For example, an increase in self-criticism or a decrease in self-confidence would not be common results of observing success; rather, these might stem from negative self-perceptions or a lack of positive role models. Additionally, a reduction in goal prioritization would suggest a lack of motivation or focus, which contradicts the motivating potential of positive vicarious experiences. Thus, the boost in self-efficacy is the most accurate reflection of the influence these experiences have on individuals.