Which term describes a build-up of plaque in the arteries?

The term that describes a build-up of plaque in the arteries is atherosclerosis. This condition specifically refers to the accumulation of fats, cholesterol, and other substances that form plaques in the arterial walls. Over time, these plaques can restrict blood flow, leading to various cardiovascular issues. Atherosclerosis is a major contributor to heart disease, stroke, and other serious health problems because it can harden and narrow the arteries, reducing their elasticity and effectiveness.

In contrast, arteriosclerosis is a broader term that refers to the thickening and stiffening of arterial walls, which can occur due to age or other factors, not solely due to plaque build-up. Angina is related to chest pain that occurs when the heart muscle does not receive enough blood, often due to atherosclerosis but not directly describing the plaque itself. Chronic kidney disease is unrelated to plaque build-up in the arteries; it refers to gradual loss of kidney function. Understanding these distinctions reinforces why atherosclerosis is the correct term for the build-up of plaque in the arteries.